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List the nginx pod with custom columns POD_NAME and POD_STATUS
Answer: See the solution below.
Explanation:
kubectl get po -o=custom-columns="POD_NAME:.metadata.name,
POD_STATUS:.status.containerStatuses[].state"
Question # 2
You must connect to the correct host.Failure to do so may result in a zero score.[candidate@base] $ ssh Cka000049TaskPerform the following tasks:Create a new PriorityClass named high-priority for user-workloads with a value that is onelessthan the highest existing user-defined priority class value.Patch the existing Deployment busybox-logger running in the priority namespace to use thehigh-priority priority class.
Answer: See the solution below.
Explanation:
Task Summary
SSH into the correct node: cka000049
Find the highest existing user-defined PriorityClass
Create a new PriorityClass high-priority with a value one less
Patch Deployment busybox-logger (in namespace priority) to use this new
PriorityClass
Step-by-Step Solution
1 SSH into the correct node
bash
CopyEdit
ssh cka000049
Skipping this = zero score
2 Find the highest existing user-defined PriorityClass
Run:
bash
CopyEdit
kubectl get priorityclasses.scheduling.k8s.io
Example output:
vbnet
CopyEdit
NAME VALUE GLOBALDEFAULT AGE
default-low 1000 false 10d
mid-tier 2000 false 7d
critical-pods 1000000 true 30d
Exclude system-defined classes like system-* and the default global one (e.g., criticalpods).
Let's assume the highest user-defined value is 2000.
So your new class should be:
Value = 1999
3 Create the high-priority PriorityClass
Create a file called high-priority.yaml:
Linux Foundation CKA : Practice Test
cat <<EOF > high-priority.yaml
apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1
kind: PriorityClass
metadata:
name: high-priority
value: 1999
globalDefault: false
description: "High priority class for user workloads"
EOF
Apply it:
kubectl apply -f high-priority.yaml
4 Patch the busybox-logger deployment
Now patch the existing Deployment in the priority namespace:
ou must connect to the correct host.Failure to do so may result in a zero score.[candidate@base] $ ssh Cka000056TaskReview and apply the appropriate NetworkPolicy from the provided YAML samples.Ensure that the chosen NetworkPolicy is not overly permissive, but allows communicationbetween the frontend and backend Deployments, which run in the frontend and backendnamespaces respectively.First, analyze the frontend and backend Deployments to determine the specificrequirements for the NetworkPolicy that needs to be applied.Next, examine the NetworkPolicy YAML samples located in the ~/netpol folder.Failure to comply may result in a reduced score.Do not delete or modify the provided samples. Only apply one of them.Finally, apply the NetworkPolicy that enables communication between the frontend andbackend Deployments, without being overly permissive.
Answer: See the solution below.
Explanation:
Task Summary
Connect to host cka000056
Review existing frontend and backend Deployments
Question No : 64 SIMULATION
Linux Foundation CKA : Practice Test
Choose one correct NetworkPolicy from the ~/netpol directory
The policy must:
Apply the correct NetworkPolicy without modifying any sample files
Step-by-Step Instructions
Step 1: SSH into the correct node
ssh cka000056
Step 2: Inspect the frontend Deployment
Check the labels used in the frontend Deployment:
kubectl get deployment -n frontend -o yaml
Look under metadata.labels or spec.template.metadata.labels. Note the app or similar label
(e.g., app: frontend).
Step 3: Inspect the backend Deployment
kubectl get deployment -n backend -o yaml
Again, find the labels assigned to the pods (e.g., app: backend).
Step 4: List and review the provided NetworkPolicies
List the available files:
ls ~/netpol
Check the contents of each policy file:
cat ~/netpol/<file-name>.yaml
Look for a policy that:
Has kind: NetworkPolicy
Applies to the backend namespace
Uses a podSelector that matches the backend pods
Includes an ingress.from rule that references the frontend namespace using a
namespaceSelector (and optionally a podSelector)
Does not allow traffic from all namespaces or all pods
Here’s what to look for in a good match:
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
name: allow-frontend-to-backend
namespace: backend
spec:
podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: backend
ingress:
- from:
- namespaceSelector:
matchLabels:
name: frontend
Even better if the policy includes:
Linux Foundation CKA : Practice Test
- namespaceSelector:
matchLabels:
name: frontend
podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: frontend
This limits access to pods in the frontend namespace with a specific label.
Step 5: Apply the correct NetworkPolicy
Once you’ve identified the best match, apply it:
kubectl apply -f ~/netpol/<chosen-file>.yaml
Apply only one file. Do not alter or delete any existing sample.
ssh cka000056
kubectl get deployment -n frontend -o yaml
kubectl get deployment -n backend -o yaml
ls ~/netpol
cat ~/netpol/*.yaml # Review carefully
kubectl apply -f ~/netpol/<chosen-file>.yaml
Command Summary
ssh cka000056
kubectl get deployment -n frontend -o yaml
kubectl get deployment -n backend -o yaml
ls ~/netpol
cat ~/netpol/*.yaml # Review carefully
kubectl apply -f ~/netpol/<chosen-file>.yaml
Question # 9
You must connect to the correct host.Failure to do so may result in a zero score.[candidate@base] $ ssh Cka000059ContextA kubeadm provisioned cluster was migrated to a new machine. It needs configurationchanges torun successfully.TaskFix a single-node cluster that got broken during machine migration.First, identify the broken cluster components and investigate what breaks them.The decommissioned cluster used an external etcd server.Next, fix the configuration of all broken cluster
Answer: See the solution below.
Explanation:
Question No : 63 SIMULATION
Linux Foundation CKA : Practice Test
Task Summary
SSH into node: cka000059
Cluster was migrated to a new machine
It uses an external etcd server
Identify and fix misconfigured components
Bring the cluster back to a healthy state
Step-by-Step Solution
Step 1: SSH into the correct host
ssh cka000059
Step 2: Check the cluster status
Run:
kubectl get nodes
If it fails, the kubelet or kube-apiserver is likely broken.
Check kubelet status:
sudo systemctl status kubelet
Also, check pod statuses in the control plane:
sudo crictl ps -a | grep kube
or:
docker ps -a | grep kube
Look especially for failures in kube-apiserver or kube-controller-manager.
Step 3: Inspect the kube-apiserver manifest
Since this is a kubeadm-based cluster, manifests are in:
# Fix --etcd-servers and certificate paths if needed
# Watch pods restart and confirm:
kubectl get nodes
Linux Foundation CKA : Practice Test
kubectl get componentstatuses
Question # 10
You must connect to the correct host.Failure to do so may result in a zero score.[candidate@base] $ ssh Cka000046TaskFirst, create a new StorageClass named local-path for an existing provisioner namedrancher.io/local-path .Set the volume binding mode to WaitForFirstConsumer .Not setting the volume binding mode or setting it to anything other thanWaitForFirstConsumer may result in a reduced score.Next, configure the StorageClass local-path as the default StorageClass .
Answer: See the solution below.
Explanation:
Task Summary
You need to:
SSH into cka000046
Create a StorageClass named local-path using the provisioner rancher.io/localpath
Set the volume binding mode to WaitForFirstConsumer
You must connect to the correct host.Failure to do so may result in a zero score.[candidate@base] $ ssh Cka000037ContextA legacy app needs to be integrated into the Kubernetes built-in logging architecture (i.e.kubectl logs). Adding a streaming co-located container is a good and common way toaccomplish this requirement.Question No : 60 SIMULATIONLinux Foundation CKA : Practice TestTaskUpdate the existing Deployment synergy-leverager, adding a co-located container namedsidecar using the busybox:stable image to the existing Pod . The new co-located containerhas to run the following command:/bin/sh -c "tail -n+1 -f /var/log/synergy-leverager.log"Use a Volume mounted at /var/log to make the log file synergy-leverager.log available tothe colocated container .Do not modify the specification of the existing container other than adding the requiredvolume mount .Failure to do so may result in a reduced score.
